Loznica is a city located in the Mačva District of the western Serbia. It lies on the right bank of the Drina river. Its name stems from the word "loza" (the Serbian word for vine). Originally, its name was Lozica (Serbian for small vine), but it later became Loznica.

Loznica has a humid subtropical climate with cold winters, often very cold due to the mountain winds of nearby mountains, and warm to hot summers. When hot air from Adriatic Sea starts going inland, to the north-east it rises over mountain barriers (Zlatar and Zlatibor), gaining jet effect and continuing fast to western parts of Serbia.

Among cultural heritage include the Church of the Holy Virgin located in the town, the 14th-century Čokešina Monastery, the 13th-century Tronoša Monastery, and monuments on Mount Gučevo, in Tekeriš, and in Draginac, as well as the ethnic village of Tršić.

A Serbian epic poem is the Battle of Loznica in which the central figure Anta Bogičević leads Serbian forces during the First Serbian Uprising. The most important local cultural event is "Vukov Sabor" (Council of Vuk) in Tršić, held annually in September, in memory of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić who was born in the village; it remains the oldest and largest cultural event in Serbia, for its importance and the increasing volume (20-30,000 visitors).

Vrnjačka Banja is the largest spa in Serbia with 9,900 inhabitants, and the whole municipality is around 30,000.

Vrnjačka Banja is the seat of the municipality of Vrnjačka Banja. It is located in central Serbia in Raška district. It is about 200 km from Belgrade, 25 km from Kraljevo and 7 km from Trstenik.

It is located between the mountain Goč (1216 m) and the Western Morava.

There are seven mineral springs in Vrnjacka Banja. These are: Hot Water, Slatina, Sneznik, Jezero, Borjak, Beli Izvor and Vrnjacka Vrela, of which four are used for therapies (Topla voda, Sneznik, Jezero and Slatina) while two bottles are mineral water bottled (Vrnja Vrnja from spring Hot Water and Vrnjacka Banja).

Vrnjačka banja mineral waters are applied in the treatment:

• Diabetes;
• Condition after the inflamed infectious jaundice;
• Chronic inflammation of the gut and stomach;
• Diseases of the gallbladder and gallbladder;
• Stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer;
• Kidney pelvic disease, urinary bladder and urinary tract and other diseases.

Vrnjačka Banja has a very long tradition of healthcare. In the period from the 2nd to the 4th century, the Romans built the AQUAE ORCINAE sanctuary and the restoration site on a hot spring mineral spring. This is also evidenced by archaeological findings in the narrower core of the Roman spa, that is, the swimming pool, the Roman spring of warm mineral water (Fons Romanus) and the plethora of coins that were left in the medicinal spring. Roman legionaries came here mostly to treat and recover, as well as Romanized aristocracy of indigenous peoples.

The development of modern Vrnjacka Banja started in 1868 with the work of the Founding Society, the oldest tourist organization in the Balkans.