Ljubljana is the capital and largest city of Slovenia. The origin of the city's name is unclear. In the Middle Ages, both the river and the town were also known by the German name Laibach. This name was in official use as an endonym until 1918, and it remains frequent as a German exonym, both in common speech and official use.

During antiquity, a Roman city called Emona stood in the area. Ljubljana itself was first mentioned in the first half of the 12th century. It was under Habsburg rule from the Middle Ages until the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918. Situated at the middle of a trade route between the northern Adriatic Sea and the Danube region, it was the historical capital of Carniola, a Slovene-inhabited part of the Habsburg Monarchy.

The city, with an area of 163.8 square kilometers, is situated in the Ljubljana Basin in Central Slovenia, between the Alps and the Karst.

The city's architecture is a mix of styles. Despite the appearance of large buildings, especially at the city's edge, Ljubljana's historic center remains intact. Although the oldest architecture has been preserved from the Roman period, Ljubljana's downtown got its outline in the Middle Ages.

The central square in Ljubljana is Prešeren Square (Prešernov trg) where the Franciscan Church of the Annunciation is located. Built between 1646 and 1660, it replaced an older Gothic church on the same site.

Ljubljana is famous for its bridges. The most notable bridges of Ljubljana are the Triple Bridge (Tromostovje), the Trnovo Bridge (Trnovski most), the Dragon Bridge (Zmajski most), the Hradecky Bridge (Slovene: Hradeckega most), and the Butchers' Bridge (Mesarski most). The Trnovo Bridge crosses the Gradaščica, whereas the others cross the Ljubljanica.

Each year, over 10,000 cultural events take place in the city, including ten international theater, music, and art festivals. The Ljubljana Festival is one of the two oldest festivals in former Yugoslavia (the Dubrovnik Summer Festival was established in 1950, and the Ljubljana Festival one in 1953).

Šibenik is the oldest self-contained Croatian city on the Adriatic, the capital city and the cultural, educational, administrative and economic center of the Šibenik-Knin County.

It is mentioned for the first time on Christmas in 1066 in the gift of Peter Kresimir IV, so it is also called Kresimir's city. By the mid-17th century, the plague epidemic was the largest city on the entire eastern coast of the Adriatic. Šibenik was de facto the capital of Croatia from December 1944 to May 1945. It is also important as the seat of the Croatian Navy.

Cathedral of St. Jakova in Šibenik is the most important construction work of the 15th and 16th centuries. on the ground of Croatia. Due to its exceptional value in 2000, it was incorporated into the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage List, which in 2017, on that list, was joined by the Fortress of St. Nicholas.

Sibenik is located at 43˚44 'north latitude and 15˚55 east longitude. The relief is characterized by a very indented coast, a wide belt of the hinterland of the Primorska-Dinaric karst of Zagora, a mountain-mountainous area with a bend Plavno and fertile fields in Karst, Knin, Kosovo and Petrovo polje and the northern bukovica Bukovica with Promin, the canyon of the Krka and Čikola rivers and Miljevci.

There is more explanation of how Sibenik got its name, and that in science no other interpretation of his name was accepted as safe and accurate. In his work, Juraj Šizgorić describes the name and position of Šibenik, which he states that the city is called because it is surrounded by tribes. The name Šibenik comes into contact with the forest through the Sibinicum toponyms, which is extracted from an augmentative late-valley, or ranoroan form of silvon, silvonae or silvona. The name of sibin covered the narrow micro-region of Šibenik, along and around the elevation where the fortress of St. Mihovila.

Turism has been developing constantly in Sibenik in recent years, and the number of guests is increasing every year from year to year. Most tourists who are on the Sibenik Riviera are staying in hotels in Solaris hotel complex or in several kilometers away to Vodice, Primosten, Rogoznica or on islands like Zlarin or Prvic.